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CHAPTER 11 - Uniform Vehicle Code: Rules of the Road
ARTICLE
I.OBEDIENCE TO AND EFFECT OF TRAFFIC LAWS
11-101.Provisions
of chapter refer to vehicles upon the highways exceptions
The provisions of this chapter relating to the operation of vehicles refer
exclusively to the operation of vehicles upon highways except:
- Where a different place is specifically
referred to in a given section.
- The provisions of article IX (and chapter 10)
shall apply upon highways and elsewhere throughout the State.
11-102.Required
obedience to traffic laws
(a) It is unlawful and, unless otherwise declared in this chapter with
respect to particular offenses, it is a (misdemeanor) (violation) for any
person to do any act forbidden or fail to perform any act required in this
chapter.
OPTIONAL (b) Any person who violates section 11-809, 11-901, 11-902, 11-907,
or 11-908 shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
OPTIONAL (c)Any person who violates any other section in this chapter shall
be guilty of an infraction.2
11-103.Obedience
to authorized persons directing traffic
(a) No person shall willfully fail or refuse to comply with any lawful order
or direction of any police officer, fire fighter, flagger at highway construction
or maintenance site, or uniformed adult school crossing guard invested by law
with authority to direct, control or regulate traffic.
(b) Such police officer at the scene of an accident shall have the authority
to control crowds of persons, restore order, open lanes of traffic by causing
vehicles to be moved, direct traffic, investigate the cause of the accident,
and control the clearing of the scene. All persons at the scene, including,
but not limited to, fire fighters, ambulance drivers, paramedics, tow truck
operators, and other emergency service personnel shall obey such lawful
orders of a police officer.
(c) When such flaggers at highway construction or maintenance sites are
directing traffic they shall use devices and procedures conforming to the
latest edition of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets
and Highways.
11-104.Persons
riding animals or driving animal-drawn vehicles
Every person riding an animal or driving any animal-drawn vehicle upon a
roadway shall be granted all of the rights and shall be subject to all of the
duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle by this chapter, except those
provisions of this chapter which by their very nature can have no
application.
11-105.Persons
working on highways exceptions
Unless specifically made applicable, the provisions of this chapter except
those contained in article IX hereof shall not apply to persons, motor
vehicles and equipment while actually engaged in work upon a highway but
shall apply to such persons and vehicles when traveling to or from such work.
11-106.Authorized
emergency vehicles
(a) The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle, when responding to an
emergency call or when in the pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of
the law or when responding to but not upon returning from a fire alarm, may
exercise the privileges set forth in this section, but subject to the
conditions herein stated.
(b) The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle may:
- Park or stand, irrespective of the provisions
of this chapter;
- Proceed past a red or stop signal or stop
sign, but only after slowing down as may be necessary for safe
operation;
- Exceed the maximum speed limits so long as
life or property are not thereby endangered;
- Disregard regulations governing direction of
movement or turning in specified directions.
(c) The exemptions herein granted to an
authorized emergency vehicle shall apply only when such vehicle is making use
of an audible signal meeting the requirements of 12-401 (d) and visual
signals meeting the requirements of 12-214 of this code, except that an
authorized emergency vehicle operated as a police vehicle need not be
equipped with or display a special visual signal visible from in front of the
vehicle.
(d) The foregoing provisions shall not relieve the driver of an authorized
emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of
all persons, nor shall such provisions protect the driver from the
consequences of the driver's reckless disregard for the safety of others.
ARTICLE
II.TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES
11-201.Obedience
to and required traffic-control devices
(a) The driver of any vehicle shall obey the instructions of any official
traffic-control device applicable thereto placed or held in accordance with
the provisions of this code, unless otherwise directed by a police officer,
subject to the exceptions granted the driver of an authorized emergency
vehicle in this code.
(b) No provision of this code for which official traffic-control devices are
required shall be enforced against an alleged violator if at the time and
place of the alleged violation an official device is not in proper position
and sufficiently legible to be seen by an ordinarily observant person.
Whenever a particular section does not state that official traffic-control
devices are required, such section shall be effective even though no devices
are erected or in place.
(c) Whenever official traffic-control devices are placed or held in position
approximately conforming to the requirements of this code, such devices shall
be presumed to have been so placed or held by the official act or direction
of lawful authority, unless the contrary shall be established by competent
evidence.
(d) Any official traffic-control device placed or held pursuant to the
provisions of this code and purporting to conform to the lawful requirements
pertaining to such devices shall be presumed to comply with the requirements
of this code, unless the contrary shall be established by competent evidence.
11-202.Traffic-control
signal legend
Whenever traffic is controlled by traffic-control signals exhibiting
different colored lights, or colored lighted arrows, successively one at a
time or in combination, only the colors Green, Red and Yellow shall be used,
except for special pedestrian signals carrying a legend, and said lights
shall indicate and apply to drivers of vehicles and pedestrians as follows:
(a) Green indication
- Vehicular traffic facing a circular green
signal may proceed straight through or turn right or left unless a sign
at such place prohibits either such turn. But vehicular traffic,
including vehicles turning right or left, shall yield the right of way
to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or
an adjacent crosswalk at the time such signal is exhibited.
- Vehicular traffic facing a green arrow signal,
shown alone or in combination with another indication, may cautiously
enter the intersection only to make the movement indicated by such
arrow, or such other movement as is permitted by other indications shown
at the same time. Such vehicular traffic shall yield the right of way to
pedestrians lawfully within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic
lawfully using the intersection.
- Unless otherwise directed by a
pedestrian-control signal, as provided in 11-203, pedestrians facing any
green signal, except when the sole green signal is a turn arrow, may
proceed across the roadway within any marked or unmarked crosswalk.
(b) Steady yellow indication
- Vehicular traffic facing a steady circular
yellow or yellow arrow signal is thereby warned that the related green
movement is being terminated or that a red indication will be exhibited
immediately thereafter.
- Pedestrians facing a steady circular yellow or
yellow arrow signal, unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian-control
signal as provided in 11-203, are thereby advised that there is
insufficient time to cross the roadway before a red indication is shown
and no pedestrian shall then start to cross the roadway.
(c) Steady red indication
- Vehicular traffic facing a steady circular red
signal alone shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none,
before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or
if none, then before entering the intersection and shall remain standing
until an indication to proceed is shown except as provided in subsection
(c)3.
- Vehicular traffic facing a steady red arrow
signal shall not enter the intersection to make the movement indicated
by the arrow and, unless entering the intersection to make a movement
permitted by another signal, shall stop at a clearly marked stop line,
but if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the
intersection, or if none, then before entering the intersection and
shall remain standing until an indication permitting the movement
indicated by such red arrow is shown except as provided in subsection
(c)3.
- Except when a sign is in place prohibiting a
turn, vehicular traffic facing any steady red signal may cautiously
enter the intersection to turn right, or to turn left from a one-way
street into a one-way street, after stopping as required by subsection
(c)1 or subsection (c)2. After stopping, the driver shall yield the
right of way to any vehicle in the intersection or approaching on
another roadway so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during
the time such driver is moving across or within the intersection or
junction of roadways. Such driver shall yield the right of way to
pedestrians within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk.
- Unless otherwise directed by a
pedestrian-control signal as provided in 11-203, pedestrians facing a
steady circular red or red arrow signal alone shall not enter the
roadway.
(d) In the event an official
traffic-control signal is erected and maintained at a place other than an
intersection, the provisions of this section shall be applicable except as to
those provisions which by their nature can have no application. Any stop
required shall be made at a sign or marking on the pavement indicating where
the stop shall be made, but in the absence of any such sign or marking the
stop shall be made at the signal.
11-203.Pedestrian-control
signals;;
Whenever special pedestrian-control signals exhibiting the "Walk"
or "Don't Walk" or symbols of "walking person" or
"upraised palm" are in place such signals shall indicate as
follows:
(a) Flashing or Steady Walk or Walking Person.Any pedestrian facing the
signal may proceed across the roadway in the direction of the signal and
every driver of a vehicle shall yield the right of way to such pedestrian.
(b) Flashing or Steady Don't Walk or Upraised Palm.No pedestrian shall start
to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal, but any pedestrian who
has partially completed crossing on the walk signal shall proceed to a
sidewalk or safety island while the don't walk or upraised palm signal is
showing.
11-204.Flashing
signals
(a) Whenever an illuminated flashing red or yellow light is used in a traffic
signal or with a traffic sign it shall require obedience by vehicular traffic
as follows:
- Flashing red (stop signal).When a red lens is
illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles shall
stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the
crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or if none, then at the
point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of
approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering it, and
the right to proceed shall be subject to the rules applicable after making
a stop at a stop sign.
- Flashing yellow (caution signal).When a yellow
lens is illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles
may proceed through the intersection or past such signal only with
caution.
(b) This section shall not apply at
railroad grade crossings. Conduct of drivers of vehicles approaching railroad
grade crossings shall be governed by the rules as set forth in 11-701 of this
code.
11-205.Lane use
control signals
When lane use control signals are placed over individual lanes, said signals
shall indicate and apply to drivers of vehicles as follows:
(a) Green indication Vehicular traffic may travel in any lane over which a
green signal is shown.
(b) Steady yellow indication Vehicular traffic is thereby warned that a lane
control change is being made.
(c) Steady red indication Vehicular traffic shall not enter or travel in any
lane over which a red signal is shown.
(d) Flashing yellow indication Vehicular traffic may use the lane only for
the purpose of approaching and making a left turn.
11-206.Display
of unauthorized signs, signals, or markings
(a) No person shall place, maintain or display upon or in view of any highway
any unauthorized sign, signal, marking, or device which purports to be or is
an imitation of or resembles an official traffic-control device or railroad
sign or signal, or which attempts to direct the movement of traffic, or which
hides from view or interferes with the effectiveness of an official
traffic-control device or any railroad sign or signal.
(b) No person shall place or maintain nor shall any public authority permit
upon any highway any official traffic control device bearing thereon any
commercial advertising except for business signs included as a part of
official motorist service panels or roadside area information panels approved
by the (State highway commission).
(c) This section shall not be deemed to prohibit the erection upon private
property adjacent to highways of signs giving useful directional information
and of a type that cannot be mistaken for official signs.
(d) Every such prohibited sign, signal or marking is hereby declared to be a
public nuisance and the authority having jurisdiction over the highway is
hereby empowered to remove the same or cause it to be removed without notice.
11-207.Interference
with official traffic control devices
No person shall, without lawful authority, attempt to or in fact alter,
twist, deface, injure, knock down, remove or interfere with the effective
operation of any official traffic-control device or any railroad sign or
signal or any inscription, shield or insignia thereon, or any other part
thereof.
ARTICLE
III.DRIVING ON RIGHT SIDE OF ROADWAY
OVERTAKING AND PASSING USE OF ROADWAY
11-301.Drive on
right side of roadway exceptions
(a) Upon all roadways of sufficient width a vehicle shall be driven upon the
right half of the roadway, except as follows:
- When overtaking and passing another vehicle
proceeding in the same direction under the rules governing such
movement;
- When an obstruction exists making it necessary
to drive to the left of the center of the highway; provided, any person
so doing shall yield the right of way to all vehicles traveling in the
proper direction upon the unobstructed portion of the highway within
such distance as to constitute an immediate hazard;
- Upon a roadway divided into three marked lanes
for traffic under the rules applicable thereon; or
- Upon a roadway restricted to one-way traffic.
(b) Upon all roadways any vehicle
proceeding at less than the normal speed of traffic at the time and place and
under the conditions then existing shall be driven in the right-hand lane
then available for traffic, or as close as practicable to the right-hand curb
or edge of the roadway, except when overtaking and passing another vehicle
proceeding in the same direction or when preparing for a left turn at an
intersection or into a private road, alley, or driveway. The intent of this subsection is to
facilitate the overtaking of slowly moving vehicles by faster moving
vehicles.
(Last sentence at suggestion of John Forester, and proposed for approval by
OBF and LAB during 1998 NCUTLO meeting.)
(c) Upon any roadway having four or more lanes for moving traffic and
providing for two-way movement of traffic, no vehicle shall be driven to the
left of the center line of the roadway, except when authorized by official
traffic-control devices designating certain lanes to the left side of the
center of the roadway for use by traffic not otherwise permitted to use such
lanes, or except as permitted under subsection (a)2 hereof. However, this
subsection shall not be construed as prohibiting the crossing of the center
line in making a left turn into or from an alley, private road or driveway.
11-302.Passing
vehicles proceeding in opposite directions
Drivers of vehicles proceeding in opposite directions shall pass each other
to the right, and upon roadways having width for not more than one line of
traffic in each direction each driver shall give to the other at least
one-half of the main-traveled portion of the roadway as nearly as possible.
11-303.Overtaking
a vehicle on the left
The following rules shall govern the overtaking and passing of vehicles
proceeding in the same direction, subject to those limitations, exceptions
and special rules hereinafter stated:
(a) The driver of a vehicle overtaking another vehicle proceeding in the same
direction shall pass to the left thereof at a safe distance and shall not
again drive to the right side of the roadway until safely clear of the
overtaken vehicle.
(b) Except when overtaking and passing on the right is permitted, the driver
of an overtaken vehicle shall give way to the right in favor of the
overtaking vehicle on audible signal and shall not increase the speed of the
vehicle until completely passed by the overtaking vehicle.
11-304.When
passing on the right is permitted
(a) The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass upon the right of another
vehicle only under the following conditions.
- When the vehicle overtaken is making or about
to make a left turn;
- Upon a roadway with unobstructed pavement of
sufficient width for two or more lines of vehicles moving lawfully in
the direction being traveled by the overtaking vehicle.
(b) The driver of a vehicle may overtake
and pass another vehicle upon the right only under conditions permitting such
movement in safety. Such movement shall not be made by driving off the
roadway.
11-305.Limitations
on overtaking on the left
No vehicle shall be driven to the left side of the center of the roadway in
overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction
unless such left side is clearly visible and is free of oncoming traffic for
a sufficient distance ahead to permit such overtaking and passing to be
completely made without interfering with the operation of any vehicle
approaching from the opposite direction or any vehicle overtaken. In every
event the overtaking vehicle must return to an authorized lane of travel as
soon as practicable and in the event the passing movement involves the use of
a lane authorized for vehicles approaching from the opposite direction,
before coming within 200 feet of any approaching vehicle.
11-306.Further
limitations on driving on left of center of roadway
(a) No vehicle shall be driven on the left side of the roadway under the
following conditions:
- When approaching or upon the crest of a grade
or a curve in the highway where the driver's view is obstructed within
such distance as to create a hazard in the event another vehicle might
approach from the opposite direction;
- When approaching within 100 feet of or
traversing any intersection or railroad grade crossing unless otherwise
indicated by official traffic control devices;
- When the view is obstructed upon approaching within
100 feet of any bridge, viaduct or tunnel.
(b) The foregoing limitations shall not
apply upon a one-way roadway, nor under the conditions described in 11-301
(a)2, nor to the driver of a vehicle turning left into or from an alley,
private road, or driveway.
11-307.No-passing
zones
(a) The (State highway commission) and local authorities are hereby
authorized to determine those portions of any highway under their respective
jurisdictions where overtaking and passing or driving on the left side of the
roadway would be especially hazardous and may by appropriate signs or
markings on the roadway indicate the beginning and end of such zones and when
such signs or markings are in place and clearly visible to an ordinarily
observant person every driver of a vehicle shall obey the directions thereof.
(b) Where signs or markings are in place to define a no-passing zone as set
forth in paragraph (a) no driver shall at any time drive on the left side of
the roadway within such no-passing zone or on the left side of any pavement
striping designed to mark such no-passing zone throughout its length.
(c) This section does not apply under the conditions described in 11-301
(a)2, nor to the driver of a vehicle turning left into or from an alley,
private road or driveway.
11-308.One-way
roadways and rotary traffic islands
(a) The (State highway commission) and local authorities with respect to
highways under their respective jurisdictions may designate any highway,
roadway, part of a roadway or specific lanes upon which vehicular traffic
shall proceed in one direction at all or such times as shall be indicated by
official traffic-control devices.
(b) Upon a roadway so designated for one-way traffic, a vehicle shall be
driven only in the direction designated at all or such times as shall be
indicated by official traffic-control devices.
(c) A vehicle passing around a rotary traffic island shall be driven only to
the right of such island.
11-309.Driving
on roadways laned for traffic
Whenever any roadway has been divided into two or more clearly marked lanes
for traffic the following rules in addition to all others consistent herewith
shall apply.
(a) A vehicle shall be driven as nearly as practicable entirely within a
single lane and shall not be moved from such lane until the driver has first
ascertained that such movement can be made with safety.
(b) Upon a roadway which is divided into three lanes and provides for two-way
movement of traffic, a vehicle shall not be driven in the center lane except
when overtaking and passing another vehicle traveling in the same direction
when such center lane is clear of traffic within a safe distance, or in
preparation for making or completing a left turn or where such center lane is
at the time allocated exclusively to traffic moving in the same direction
that the vehicle is proceeding and such allocation is designated by official
traffic-control devices.
(c) Official traffic-control devices may be erected directing specified
traffic to use a designated lane or designating those lanes to be used by
traffic moving in a particular direction regardless of the center of the
roadway and drivers of vehicles shall obey the directions of every such
device.
(d) Official traffic-control devices may be installed prohibiting the
changing of lanes on sections of roadway and drivers of vehicles shall obey
the directions of every such device.
11-310.Following
too closely
(a) The driver of a vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely
than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of such
vehicles and the traffic upon and the condition of the highway.
(b) The driver of any truck or motor vehicle drawing another vehicle when
traveling upon a roadway outside of a business or residence district and
which is following another truck or motor vehicle drawing another vehicle
shall, whenever conditions permit, leave sufficient space so that an
overtaking vehicle may enter and occupy such space without danger, except
that this shall not pent a truck or motor vehicle drawing another vehicle
from overtaking and passing any vehicle or combination of vehicles.
(c) Motor vehicles being driven upon any roadway outside of a business or
residence district in a caravan or motorcade whether or not towing other
vehicles shall be so operated as to allow sufficient space between each such
vehicle or combination of vehicles so as to enable any other vehicle to enter
and occupy such space without danger. This provision shall not apply to
funeral processions.
11-311.Driving
on divided highways
(a) Whenever any highway has been divided into two or more roadways by
leaving an intervening space or by a physical barrier or clearly indicated
dividing section so constructed as to impede vehicular traffic, every vehicle
shall be driven only upon the right-hand roadway unless directed or permitted
to use another roadway by official traffic-control devices or police
officers.
(b) No vehicle shall be driven over, across or within any such dividing
space, barrier or section, except through an opening in such physical barrier
or dividing section or space or at a cross-over or intersection as
established, unless specifically prohibited by public authority.
(c) The driver of a vehicle may turn left across a paved dividing space
unless prohibited by an official traffic-control device.
11-312.Restricted
access
No person shall drive a vehicle onto or from any controlled access highway
except at such entrances and exits as are established by public authority.
11-313.Restrictions
on use of controlled-access roadway
(a) The (State highway commission) by resolution or order entered in its
minutes, and local authorities by ordinance, may regulate or prohibit the use
of any controlled-access roadway (or highway) within their respective
jurisdictions by any class or kind of traffic which is found to be
incompatible with the normal and safe movement of traffic.
(b) The (State highway commission) or the local authority adopting any such
prohibition shall erect and maintain official traffic-control devices on the
controlled-access highway on which such prohibitions are applicable and when
in place no person shall disobey the restrictions stated on such devices.
ARTICLE
IV.RIGHT OF WAY
11-401.Vehicle
approaching or entering intersection
(a) When two vehicles approach or enter an intersection from different
highways at approximately the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the
left shall yield the right of way to the vehicle on the right.
(b) The right of way rule declared in paragraph (a) is modified at through
highways and otherwise as stated in this chapter.
11-402.Vehicle
turning left
The driver of a vehicle intending to turn to the left shall yield the right
of way to any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction which is so
close as to constitute an immediate hazard.
11-403.Stop
signs and yield signs
(a) Preferential right of way may be indicated by stop signs or yield signs
as authorized in 15-109 of this code.
(b) Except when directed to proceed by a police officer, every driver of a
vehicle approaching a stop sign shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but
if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection,
or if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the
driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before
entering it. After having stopped, the driver shall yield the right of way to
any vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another roadway so closely
as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time when such driver is
moving across or within the intersection or junction of roadways. Such driver
shall yield the right of way to pedestrians within an adjacent crosswalk.
(c) The driver of vehicle approaching a yield sign shall in obedience to such
sign slow down to a speed reasonable for the existing conditions and, if
required for safety to stop, shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if
none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or,
if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver
has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering
it. After slowing or stopping, the driver shall yield the right of way to any
vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another roadway so closely as
to constitute an immediate hazard during the time such driver is moving
across or within the intersection or junction of roadways. Such driver shall
yield the right of way to pedestrians within an adjacent crosswalk. Provided,
however, that if such a driver is involved in a collision with a vehicle in
the intersection or junction of roadways or with a pedestrian in an adjacent
crosswalk, after driving past a yield sign, such collision shall be deemed
prima facie evidence of the driver's failure to yield right of way.
11-404.Vehicle
entering roadway
The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a roadway from any place
other than another roadway shall yield the right of way to all vehicles
approaching on the roadway to be entered or crossed.
11-405.Operation
of vehicles (and streetcars) on approach of authorized emergency vehicles
(a) Upon the immediate approach of an authorized emergency vehicle making use
of an audible signal meeting the requirements of 12-401(d) and visual signals
meeting the requirements of 12-214 of this code, or of a police vehicle
properly and lawfully making use of an audible signal only:
- The driver of every other vehicle shall yield
the right of way and shall immediately drive to a position parallel to,
and as close as possible to, the right-hand edge or curb of the roadway
clear of any intersection and shall stop and remain in such position
until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed, except when otherwise
directed by a police officer.
- Upon the approach of an authorized emergency
vehicle, as above stated, the operator of every streetcar shall
immediately stop such car clear of any intersection and keep it in such
position until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed, except when
otherwise directed by a police officer.
(b) This section shall not operate to
relieve the driver of an authorized emergency vehicle from the duty to drive
with due regard for the safety of all persons using the highway.
11-406.Highway
construction and maintenance
(a) The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right of way to any authorized
vehicle or pedestrian actually engaged in work upon a highway within any
highway construction or maintenance area indicated by official
traffic-control devices.
(b) The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right of way to any authorized
vehicle obviously and actually engaged in work upon a highway whenever such
vehicle displays flashing lights meeting the requirements of 12-223.
ARTICLE
V.PEDESTRIANS' RIGHTS AND DUTIES
11-501.Pedestrian
obedience to traffic-control devices and traffic regulations
(a) A pedestrian shall obey the instructions of any official traffic-control
device specifically applicable to such pedestrian, unless otherwise directed
by a police officer.
(b) Pedestrians shall be subject to traffic and pedestrian-control signals as
provided in 11-202 and 11-203.
(c) At all other places, pedestrians shall be accorded the privileges and
shall be subject to the restrictions stated in this chapter.
11-502.Pedestrians'
right of way in crosswalks
(a) When traffic-control signals are not in place or not in operation the
driver of a vehicle shall yield the right of way, slowing down or stopping if
need be to so yield, to a pedestrian crossing the roadway within a crosswalk
when the pedestrian is upon the half of the roadway upon which the vehicle is
traveling, or when the pedestrian is approaching so closely from the opposite
half of the roadway as to be in danger.
(b) No pedestrian shall suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and
walk or run into the path of a vehicle which is so close as to constitute an
immediate hazard.
(c) Paragraph (a) shall not apply under the conditions stated in 11-503 (b).
(d) Whenever any vehicle is stopped at a marked crosswalk or at any unmarked
crosswalk at an intersection to permit a pedestrian to cross the roadway, the
driver of any other vehicle approaching from the rear shall not overtake and
pass such stopped vehicle.
11-503.Crossing
at other than crosswalks
(a) Every pedestrian crossing a roadway at any point other than within a
marked crosswalk or within an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection shall
yield the right of way to all vehicles upon the roadway.
(b) Any pedestrian crossing a roadway at a point where a pedestrian tunnel or
overhead pedestrian crossing has been provided shall yield the right of way
to all vehicles upon the roadway.
(c) Between adjacent intersections at which traffic-control signals are in
operation pedestrians shall not cross at any place except in a marked crosswalk.
(d) No pedestrian shall cross a roadway intersection diagonally unless
authorized by official traffic-control devices; and, when authorized to cross
diagonally, pedestrians shall cross only in accordance with the official
traffic-control devices pertaining to such crossing movements.
11-504.Drivers
to exercise due care
Notwithstanding other provisions of this chapter or the provisions of any
local ordinance, every driver of a vehicle shall exercise due care to avoid
colliding with any pedestrian or any person propelling a human powered
vehicle and shall give an audible signal when necessary and shall exercise
proper precaution upon observing any child or any obviously confused,
incapacitated or intoxicated person.
11-505.Pedestrians
to use right half of crosswalks
Pedestrians shall move, whenever practicable, upon the right half of
crosswalks.
11-506.Pedestrians
on highways
(a) Where a sidewalk is provided and its use is practicable, it shall be
unlawful for any pedestrian to walk along and upon an adjacent roadway.
(b) Where a sidewalk is not available, any pedestrian walking along and upon
a highway shall walk only on a shoulder, as far as practicable from the edge
of the roadway.
(c) Where neither a sidewalk nor a shoulder is available, any pedestrian
walking along and upon a highway shall walk as near as practicable to an
outside edge of the roadway, and, if on a two-way roadway, shall walk only on
the left side of the roadway.
(d) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, any pedestrian upon a
roadway shall yield the right of way to all vehicles upon the roadway.
11-507.Pedestrians
soliciting rides or business
(a) No person shall stand in a roadway for the purpose of soliciting a ride.
(b) No person shall stand on a highway for the purpose of soliciting
employment, business, or contributions from the occupant of any vehicle.
(c) No person shall stand on or in proximity to a street or highway for the
purpose of soliciting the watching or guarding of any vehicle while parked or
about to be parked on a street or highway.
11-508.Driving
through safety zone prohibited
No vehicle shall at any time be driven through or within a safety zone.
11-509.Pedestrians'
right of way on sidewalks
The driver of a vehicle crossing a sidewalk shall yield the right of way to
any pedestrian and all other traffic on the sidewalk.
11-510.Pedestrians
yield to authorized emergency vehicles
(a) Upon the immediate approach of an authorized emergency vehicle making use
of an audible signal meeting the requirements of 12-401(d) and visual signals
meeting the requirements of 12-214 of this code, or of a police vehicle
properly and lawfully making use of an audible signal only, every pedestrian
shall yield the right of way to the authorized emergency vehicle.
(b) This section shall not relieve the driver of an authorized emergency
vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons
using the highway nor from the duty to exercise due care to avoid colliding
with any pedestrian.
11-511.Blind
pedestrian right of way
The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right of way to any blind pedestrian
carrying visible white cane or accompanied by a guide dog.
11-512.Pedestrians
under influence of alcohol or drugs
A pedestrian who is under the influence of alcohol or any drug to a degree
which renders such pedestrian a hazard shall not walk or be upon a highway
except on a sidewalk.
11-513.Bridge and
railroad signals
(a) No pedestrian shall enter or remain upon any bridge or approach thereto
beyond the bridge signal, gate, or barrier after a bridge operation signal
indication has been given.
(b) No pedestrian shall pass through, around, over, or under any crossing
gate or barrier at a railroad grade crossing or bridge while such gate or
barrier is closed or is being opened or closed.
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